Social Groups Essay - 1377 Words

Social groups have existed throughout time. We know that small social groups have existed in the form of families throughout the history of human kind. Adam and Eve are said to have been the first social group. Social groups are defined as having two or more people interact and identify with one another. Some social groups include but are not limited to; the handicap, the homeless, the poor, the wealthy, the powerful, different religious groups, different races and even sexual orientation. There are several reasons why people join social groups. Most people join social groups because there are many benefits for belonging to a group. People like to feel connected and feel that they can relate to others. People tend to belong to groups†¦show more content†¦Granted, we have come a long way, but there are still many people who are a long way from changing their attitudes towards them. On March 3, 1991, Rodney King was the driver of a car in Los Angeles, California. The driver didnt stop when signaled by a police car behind him, but increased his speed. When police finally stopped the car, they delivered 56 baton blows and six kicks to King, in a period of two minutes, producing 11 skull fractures, brain damage, and kidney damage. Unaware that the incident had been videotaped, the police officers filed inaccurate reports, not mentioning the fact that Rodney King was left with head wounds. On March 15, 1991, four police officers were arraigned on charges of assault with a deadly weapon and use of excessive force (Mike Lepore). This event may have lead to the bad attitudes towards authority, particularly against the police. Many African Americans felt that this would not have happened if Rodney King had been white. They believed that the only reason why Rodney King was beaten was because he was an African American. When the four white police officers were acquitted by a white jury selected from the suburbs, thousands of people in South Central Los Angeles responded to the verdict with several days of rioting. The majority of low income families are minorities. Some people who have no jobs and for those who have jobs, their wages are usually very low and they may end up turning to crime andShow MoreRelatedSocial Group Definitions Essay1238 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Groups Social Group Definitions A social group can be defined as a family, a peer group, a sport team group, a church group, and a work group. These are all similar in the way that these groups consist of a number of people who have regular contact with each and are interested in the same things. A family typically lives together and interacts with each other on a daily basis. The members of the family share the same traditions and usually have the same expectations as to how each memberRead MoreSocial Groups : An Essential Part Of Humanity1074 Words   |  5 PagesSocial groups are considered to be an essential part of humanity. They play major roles in our existing because social groups are capable of giving meaning to a person s life; grouping with like-minded people can provide support and acceptance; a general feeling of belonging. That social groups play major roles in our lifes is actually an understatement. Social groups are practically omnipresent. It’s already possible to speak of a social group w hen two or more humans interact with each other andRead MoreA Social Group887 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent roles. I am a daughter, niece, friend, student, employee and artist. The definition of a social group is two or more people who interact on a regular basis in routine ways and who share a common sense of membership and identity. A social group example would be classmates in one section of a class and an example of an aggregate would be New Yorkers riding the subway together. An aggregate is not a group but a collection of people who briefly share the same physical space but do not see themselvesRead MoreSocial Class And Status Groups1318 Words   |  6 PagesSocial class is a concept that has been interpreted countless times throughout history. The existence of social class and status groups has even been questioned and whether it is a positive or negative thing. This ethnography explores groups of class and how distinctions between individuals on a macro level can affect t heir micro level interactions in everyday life. The differences between individuals macro distribution would not have any effect if they were not illustrated in everyday micro levelRead MoreThe Conflict Theory Of Social Groups862 Words   |  4 PagesIntergroup Competition is the idea that social groups will extend from the desire for a group to gain the scarce resources that exist (36-40). This idea is greatly supported by the segment on affirmative action in the video (36-40). As said in the movie, the idea is that scholarship money and grant money is a scarce resource when students decide to go to college (37-40). In this view, the individuals who are against affirmative action are competing for that scarce resource (36-40). By using techniquesRead MoreReflection Of A Social Group1457 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Group Analysis The social group I chosen to observe is my church group, more specifically my children’s Sabbath School class. There are approximately 15 to 20 in the class including the children and parents. The ethnicities in the class are Hispanic, Caucasian, Native Africans, and Asians. In this group, the Caucasians are the minority while the Africans makeup the majority of the class. There is a lot I have learned from observing this group of people. Some characteristics of the classRead MoreClass As A Social Group1642 Words   |  7 PagesIn present day society, class alludes to a social group, characterized by its economic position in a progressive system of imbalance and with material interests that separate it from different classes (Wright, 2005, p.2). Sociologists attempting to study the concept of class often draw upon a variety of research methods in order to ensure that the most accurate results and conclusions are reached, two of which are analyzed below with the aim of under standing just how effective they may be – the subjectiveRead MoreSocial Psychology Group Processes1884 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to Cartwright Zander (1968), a group may be defined as a â€Å"collection of individuals who have relations to one another that make them interdependent to some significant degree†. Other definitions state that a group is â€Å"two or more persons who are interacting with one another in such a manner that each person influences and is influenced by each other person (Shaw, 1981). Turner (1987) goes further to say that â€Å"a psychological group is one that is psychologically significant for the membersRead MoreMy Personal Experience With A Social Group951 Words   |  4 Pagesethnicity issue. To be frank, I have never really known what is the difference between the word Ethnicity and Race. I thought this two word was the entirely the same meaning. According to the Oxford Dictionaries, ethnicity is more like a social group, they sha re a distinctive culture, religion, language, etc. The Race is more like physical symbolize, something like the color of the skin, or more distinct physical features, bone structure, etc. Now I think I understand what these two wordsRead MoreSocial Groups of the Upper and Lower Classes of Hanoi Essay1634 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction: In the essay the discussion will be based on the social groups of the upper class and the lower class in the city of Hanoi in Vietnam and how the social groups have different meanings and values to the urban places.in the last thirty years Hanoi has developed from one of the poorest county in Asia and is now thriving amongst the richest countries and the population has grown dramatically ‘overnight expansion of the city’s population from approximately 3.5 to 6.23 million inhabitants’

Poverty and Squatter Syndicates Squatting - 4474 Words

I. Introduction According to studies, the population in the Philippines is growing at the rate of 1.95% per year. Much of this growth is attributed to the urban societies. The rising rate of population in urban areas is not only caused by the increasing birth over death proportion, but also by rapid rural to urban migration as well. Relocating to urban areas has become an alleged solution to improve the quality of life and provide better income for the household. This stimulated a substantial flow of migrants to cities. However, their migration has only caused them another dilemma – adequate housing. In most cases, these migrants are financially incapable, leaving them with the option of illegally residing in an unoccupied land. They go†¦show more content†¦Squatting syndicates took over public or private lands identified in cahoots with employees of the local assessors offices, Bureau of Land Management, Land Registration Authority and local Register of Deeds targeti ng tax delinquent owners or mall subdivisions which had no security of its own. In the case of public or government lands, very often syndicates were in partnership with national agency staff who partook of the profits from the informal housing development. The squatting syndicates subdivided these into small parcels; built makeshift housing units; and provided water and power connections illegally. Other syndicates used fake titles. Contacts within the Register of Deeds replaced the original titles illegally. When this was discovered by the real owners, the syndicates contested this in court. Many owners were left with no alternative but to settle for a compromise where the owners incurred tremendous expense to buy back properties they already owned. In established squatter colonies, syndicates convinced squatters that they held titles to the land and charged exorbitant fees to legitimize the squatters’ occupation of the land. Syndicates issued Certificates of Occupancy and Deeds of Donation to squatter families. Rights to some of the parceled lots were sold for as high as P50,000 ($1,000) and house rent ranged from P500–P1,500Show MoreRelatedEstimating Informal settlers in the Philippines2360 Words   |  10 Pagesthe multi-faceted approach provided in RA 7279 or the Urban Development and Housing Act of 1992 or UDHA in identifying â€Å"homeless and underprivileged citizens† or more broadly, informal settlers. UDHA does not use the term â€Å"informal settlers† nor â€Å"squatters† but adopts the term â€Å"homeless and underprivileged citizens †2 . At the same time, the law mandates LGUs to undertake a Registration3 of Socialized Housing Beneficiaries, subject to eligibility criteria4. Special considerations are also provided

Philosophy Free Essays

Explain the difference between Value Theory, Normative Ethics, and Mathematics. Give an example of a claim from each area, and explain why each claim falls into the category it does. Value Theory is a reflection of the word; we analyze what humans value and why we find it valuable. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy or any similar topic only for you Order Now For instance, Schafer Landau states on page 2, many philosophers try to figure out whether happiness is the main root of human values or the values of self. Normative Ethics analyzes the relation of self with others, hat is deemed normal or acceptable. Is it ever Justified for man to use another man as a means and not an end? Then we have mathematics, which looks at things with the third person perspective, or self with society. Mathematics analyzes how theories will work in society, how will it play out with society or community; for instance religion on society and how it plays its affect. Value Theory regards the values of self, Normative Theory reflects self with a second party/person and how one should treat others, Mathematics analyzes self with the 3rd or society. How the whole should act and how it affects the self. II. Hedonism (Pick 2 out of 4) 1 . Hedonists distinguish between two types of pleasure. Explain this distinction and give examples of each type of pleasure. Which type of pleasure do hedonists claim is more important? Why do you think they say this? Do you agree with this claim? Hedonism has its etymology from the Greek word hoodooed, which is translated as Pleasure. Hedonism tries to analyze what makes us happy and the answer is divided into two categories of pleasure. Physical pleasure is the sensation you have from a women’s touch or when one sits on a really comfortable sofa or seat, the mere hysterical aspect of pleasure. The other pleasure of which Hedonist deem more important is Attitudinal Pleasure. Attitudinal pleasure is merely as the word reflects, it is the positive attitude of enjoyment (page), and it is the feeling you get upon doing something, the feeling of enjoyment. For instance, seeing your offspring for the first time after birth, as you hold the baby it is not the holding or feeling of the baby that makes you happy but the baby itself. Hedonist believe there is more to life then physical pleasure, there is more to life then the mere sensation one gets from an object, it is the attitude and inner emotion that is important for happiness. Why they say so? Well maybe they did not want a superficial materialistic society because objects cannot bring you true happiness. I agree with this statement and although the two pleasures intertwine I do not believe a mere object can make me truly happy. Well a 78 Shelby GET is a really nice car but to know you worked for it and earned will bring more elation then the car itself. 2. Most people would not desire their loved ones to get lobotomies, even if such a procedure would make the loved ones happier as a result. Explain how this fact might be taken to raise a challenge to hedonism. How do you think the hedonist would respond? Do you find such a response convincing? A lobotomy is surgery is a surgery involving the removal of nerves within the preferential cortex to aid patients with depression and mental disorders. Parents or loved ones have dilemmas over this procedure because the question of whether I should perform the operation, which limits autonomy but promotes happiness. From a hedonistic perspective, the operation relays on the patient itself, not the parents. Will the operation forgo more happiness for the patient and if so then by all means o for it. In my opinion if I were in a depressed state or had a mental disorder of which could be alleviated through surgery then yeah I want my problems to be solved. Even though my autonomy is slightly altered, my free will kept me depressed with other problems so I Just want to be happy. Ill. Desire Satisfaction Theory (DOST) (Pick 2 out of 4) 1 . What is an objective theory of human welfare, and how does such a theory differ from the desire satisfaction theory? Is hedonism an objective theory of welfare? Why or why not? Are objective theories of welfare preferable to the desire satisfaction theory? Defend your answer. Objective theory of human welfare states that â€Å"what directly contributes to a good life is fixed independently of your desires and what you think is important† (Peg. 44). For instance if your dreams are to play on a professional sport team or succeed Hugh Heifer or even to gain a wider vocabulary, you would go out of your way to fulfill those tasks and everything around it. You would do whatever it takes to fulfill the tasks even if you don’t like what you’re doing; the end result will fulfill your desires. Whereas desire satisfaction theory is simply something is good for you if it fulfills our desires. Desire satisfaction is more linear; something is good for me only if it fulfills my desire. Hedonism can be an objective theory of welfare because you seek pleasure in Hedonism. If my desire is to seek pleasure and that is what I deem is important then I will do my best to become the next Hugh Heifer (lots of pleasure in the Playboy Mansion). Objective theory of welfare can be more preferable to desire satisfaction theory because DOST is more linear. I want something I will go get it now so it can fulfill my desires. Tolerate has more ground where my concepts of life ND what is good will manifest itself to what I want. I want to become smarter so I will read the dictionary even though I hate reading, the intelligence gained will bring me happiness. 3. Are some desires intrinsically better than others? Explain and defend your answer. What does your answer imply about the desire satisfaction theory of welfare? Well let us analyze this question. A baby wants two scoops of Hagen adz vanilla whereas an older baby wants to purchase Grand Theft Auto 5 for his/her gaming system. Both have desires for a certain act however who is to say the game is better Han ice cream or vice-versa. One can analyze desires through Amazons hierarchy of needs but that isn’t in question here, both subjects are experiencing desire but to analyze who is experiencing more maybe delegated to short term or long term. The game last longer than the ice cream but isn’t food more important than video games? Whichever the case be, in DOST both parties are deemed equal because both parties experienced satisfaction which promotes one of the Pro’s of DOST where it doesn’t limit or distinguish satisfaction, it isn’t monolithic, DOST allows various kinds of satisfaction and good lives. IV. Morality and Religion (Pick 1 out of 3) 1 . Is religion necessary in order for people to be motivated to behave morally? Why might someone believe that it is? What challenges does such a view face? Many people believe morality originated through God and religion gave mankind duty and sort of these parameters to work in . The common assumption is that one needs god to motivate people and without that motivation there would be chaos. I want to be good so I can go to heaven (sort of relates to Objective Satisfaction theory). I am neither agnostic nor atheistic, however I question the existence of God. I question whether God is the foundation of Man and if morality was created by thee. I understand why people seek god and religion, as their driving lane however without any disrespect I want to say that religion is not needed for morality. One can behave morally without the aspects of God and religion. If morality was in unison than why are there so many deities and Gods, who is to say their views are not superior to yours. Also if God’s words are moral who is to say that he/she is incorrect? For example in the mid 17th- late 18th century slavery was considered biblically Justified ND it isn’t anymore. Was Jesus wrong or did he change his mind? V. Natural Law (Pick 1 out of 3) 1 . Suppose that â€Å"human nature† consists of the set of innate characteristics that all (or most) humans share. Understood in this way, what does human nature tell us about morality? Is it always immoral to behave contrary to human nature? We are all born with a set of common inborn traits for instance survival, to cry when hungry, to laugh when tickled, to put everything into your mouth especially when those teeth come in. If we are all universally born with the same natural traits then royalty to should be of a common denominator for all of us. Why is it not so? Thomas Hobbes and Jacques Rousseau (peg. 79) debate on whether we are born with common traits and if society alters such traits. Rousseau states that we are all born with angelic traits and bliss and it is society that brings about alterations to morality. Hobbes states we are born with traits of selfishness, competition and distrust all of which vary among each baby. So what does that say about morality? Can we have a set of standard morals that is equitable for all or will that never happen. Society sets standard for morals and then you have your own set of morals, of which is more superior or do they intertwine? Morals vary from man to man, women to women and they vary for the greater good. For instance, in society marriage is deemed as a religious bond made between man and women, some view it as a bond between two people. So is gay marriage immoral? I disagree but why is there even a debate. According to the natural law it is because being gay is not natural. There will be debate because people interpret things differently. VI. Egoism (Pick 2 out of 4) 1 . Define altruism, and describe a case in which a person appears to behave altruistically. How would the psychological egoist explain the person’s behavior in the case you describe? Do you find the egoist’s explanation plausible in this case? Why or why not? Altruism is the act of doing something that is not for your benefit but it benefits someone else, a second or third party member. For example a mother giving up the nourishment from her bosom for the offspring aide, or even having a baby itself. Psychological egoists would deem the act as nonlinguistic because the mother was feeding her child breast milk because it is in her interest to make sure her child s not retarded or dead, so she satisfied her interest. This perspective sounds repugnant and sadly it probably is true but it gives a negative connotation to life. Yes the mother wants to have a smart and healthy child but she did not have to bear the child nor feed it. She sacrificed herself for the better of others so she is altruistic. Altruism most truly exists in our nature, people commit self less acts everyday and with doing so accompanies benefits. However, those benefits are not always mans ultimate motive. 2. Describe the objection that ethical egoism requires us to arbitrarily elevate the interests of some individuals (namely, ourselves) over others. How do you think the egoist would respond to this objection? Do you find the egoist’s response compelling? Well ethical egoism is the same is egoism because the main concept is to look out for yourself no matter what it takes and if you are not looking out for yourself then you are acting immorally. As an egoists, this is not an objection it is a mere fact, a egoist is someone who puts themselves and their respective needs first over anything else. I don’t necessarily agree with this perspective but in the shoes of an egoist, this objection means nothing to me besides advertisement of such theory. VI’. Consequentiality (Pick 2 out of 4) 1 . In what ways is utilitarianism impartial? Is this a strength or a weakness of the Utilitarianism states that the individual is responsible for their actions (duh) and as a branch of consequentiality the idea is to maximize the goodness of each act; we should do as much good as possible of which you analyze through choosing the most optimistic choice. Optimistic is 5-step process (peg. 119), which helps the self analyze which option will bring the best good as a result. This notion in impartial as in there s no bias upon this decision making, disregarding gender, race or creed one should seek to execute the most good from his/her actions. This is a strength for the theory because it does not limit the parameters of an act, no matter the situation you shall seek to commit the best action. It is not as pessimistic as denoting altruism in egoism, this is the opposite spectrum because we are not looking out solely for the self but for the good of others, or as Jeremy Beneath stated we seek † The greatest happiness for the greatest number. † Although this notion can bring about skepticism it looks at society with the glass half full and it seeks to fill the glass up with ample libations for everyone. 2. What do you take to be the most powerful objection to utilitarianism? Explain the objection in detail, and then describe how you think a utilitarian would reply. Is the utilitarian reply satisfactory? Defend your answer. (This answer cannot be similar to the answer you give to the other question in this section). In my opinion the strongest objection to this theory of utilitarianism is on page 136 where there are 2 premises with a conclusion that states utilitarianism is false. The iris premise â€Å"Utilitarianism is true only if there is a precise unit of measurement,† the second premise is â€Å"There is no such unit of measurement. How can one measure the amount of good one action brings. Beneath suggested Hedonism and Dollars where Hoedown is one unit for a good thing and dollar is the unit for how bad an action is. How accurate can this unit of measurement be and man doesn’t stop and analyze for each act they commit. So how do you know which act to commit in the lens of utilitarianism. VIII. The Kantian Perspective (Pick 2 out of 4) 1 . Contrast Cant’s approach to ethics with consequentiality. Which do you think is better, and why? Kant reflects the biblical statement of treat thy neighbor, as you would want him to treat yourself. In Kantian theory you look at your action and transition it to everyone in the world committing that action. If the act is universal than it is rational and therefore moral. This procedure is referred to as a maxim. Which is similar to the concept of optimistic in consequentiality, where you analyze your actions to choose the one that results in the greatest good. Both encompass such a large spectrum, Kant with the universal-news and Consequentiality with the greatest good. In a taxation with whether I had to choose to commit an action that is deemed valid for the world or society or whether the greatest act of good I would choose the greatest good. It is easier to analyze what is the greater good then what is the universal good even though both roads have plenty of bumps. What is deemed universal can almost never be 100% valid; there will always be differences so there is not much control in my part. However when accounting for what is the most good, there is more control on my behalf where I analyze what is the most good in MY own perspective, not worrying about the universe or society. 4. Kant claims that humans have a special kind of value not possessed by anything else on earth. How does he Justify this claim? What are the implications of this view regarding the moral status of non-human animals? Do you find this view plausible? This is something I can actually somewhat agree with Kant, Humans are a breed that is far more complex and superior genome then the organisms on this earth. Kant does not Justify this statement (page 172) with science or molecular compound but with mere concept that man has the ability to be rational and to have autonomy. Without these two attributes what are we if not animals. Some animals can analyze and be rational such as chimpanzees and crow birds however the magnitude is acute in comparison to the abilities of humans. We have a very complex neural structure which allows us to analyze, rationalize and morality* to a deeper level which makes our value system unique and more complex. The human value system is more complex however it doesn’t undermine the value of animals and plants, our methods are Just different. We are on the top of the food chain, we eat other animals and plants but that doesn’t make us morally unjust. Animals have their own set of morals of which is similar to our, Just not as complex. How to cite Philosophy, Papers Philosophy Free Essays What do you think philosophy is? I understand philosophy as something which answers questions to humans who seek for wisdom. When you study Philosophy, the negative thing about this Is that you don’t get to know all the answers as you go through the process of learning because philosophy talks about life and life unfortunately has handed us a numerous unanswerable questions. Philosophy has also had the negative sense of a subject full of Idle speculation, useless to the practical business of finding things out and consisting mostly In Irrelevant theorizing. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy or any similar topic only for you Order Now I suppose Philosophy Is trying to answer mysteries about life. However, these mysteries are beyond what human mind can perceive. Philosophy makes people think excessively before acting on It. It simply acquaints us with the fact that Philosophy is ‘love for wisdom’. 2. What is your philosophy in life? â€Å"Never settle for anything less† I suppose that there will always be something ahead of where you are now. And if that something has the ability to be ahead of you, why can’t you be as well? The only thing that limits us from doing something better from what we’re doing now is none other than ourselves. I can’t afford to be in a â€Å"less† situation when I know I have all the guts to be â€Å"more†. The point here is not to overpower someone or to be ahead of something on purpose, the point is that to be aware that we can do more than our minds can perceive. It’s Just a matter of encouraging yourself and some touch of optimism. One day, we would be surprise of what not-settling-for-less has done to our life. Life has more to offer all we have to do is to search for it. We can’t just settle. The worth of life is dependent upon us. The meaning of life is how we give life a meaning. By Magical 1. What do you think philosophy is? r wisdom. When you study Philosophy, the negative thing about this is that you don’t get to know all the answers as you go through the process of learning because of idle speculation, useless to the practical business of finding things out and consisting mostly in irrelevant theorizing. I suppose Philosophy is trying t o answer perceive. Philosophy makes people think excessively before acting on it. It simply that something has the ability to be ahead of you, why can’t you be as well? How to cite Philosophy, Papers Philosophy Free Essays Philosophy of Teaching Philosophy is described as â€Å"one of the various established or traditional way of looking at the world that have been defined and indentified by those who practice the discipline whether in the academy or not. † With any profession there are responsibilities that come with the career, in my chosen career path there are people that I have to make sure that I reach; students, parents, the Physical Education department, and the school systems. The two philosophies that first come to mind when thinking about physical ducation are idealism and realism. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy or any similar topic only for you Order Now The philosophers that created idealism are Socrates, Aristotle, and Plato along with the creators of realism whose founders are John Locke, Herbert Spencer, among others. These philosophers were the founding men of philosophy and have created a theory that other generations behind them could follow and dream with. Idealism’s philosophy is about fair play, sportsmanship, obedience to rules, classroom lectures and assignments, which relies on direction and guidance. Realism’s philosophy describes more of the focus of anatomy, bodily ovement, statistics, and the technicalities of the body. In taking the VOI Personality Profile, I was able to see that my personal preference for structure, knowledge, classroom lectures and assignments, and direction and guidance closely align with idealism and realism. I have always thought that I was more in line with eclecticism, but once I did the profile I was able to see that is a point of teaching that I need to work on. I believe that I have the personality of one that does not Just conform to one nd is able to adapt to different situations and theories that come with a lot of philosophies. In high school, I was always the athlete that helped the teacher structure the class, introduce new sports, and be an example of what a healthy teenager looks like. Not only was that fun for me, but it showed me that I could be a positive example for others around me. At the high school that I went to there was a â€Å"student-teaching† class that was offered to Juniors and seniors that allowed us to go into the lementary schools and teach physical education and other subjects that the students needed to be tutored in. It allowed me to go into the school and feel like I was making a difference in the students that I was teachings lives. Knowing that I had students that depended on me for guidance was enough to make up my mind that I wanted a career in teaching. Although most people think that physical education teachers Just roll out the balls and say â€Å"play basketball† that’s not what goes on. There is a lot more that goes into he education that the teacher does along with all of the lesson plans and the science and health that the teacher has to teach to their class as well. Teaching physical education does not constrict you to solely teaching physical education but it more so about teaching and being an example of what a healthy life is, physically, mentally, and emotionally. Physical educators are more so about the whole body versus Just the content knowledge and end of the year exams. It becomes very evident that most physical education teachers do not get the recognition that they deserve. Most schools are going into more â€Å"chair-based† learning where the child does not have an outlet to get out of the setting of the classroom and into the playground or even into the gym; which poses a problem for physical education teachers. Will there be a Job for physical education teachers when I graduate? I believe that the answer to that question is yes, for the simple fact that medicine, fitness and wellness, and the entire aspect of physical activity cannot and will not be pushed over to the curb. How to cite Philosophy, Papers Philosophy Free Essays [All change is either change for the better or change for the worse. ] (But) (2)[God is necessarily a greatest possible being. ] (So) (3)[he cannot change for the better,] (since) (4)[if he did, he would not have been the greatest possible being prior to the change. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy or any similar topic only for you Order Now ] (And) (5)[he cannot change for the worse,] (since) (6)[if he did, he would not be the greatest possible being subsequent to the change. ] (Therefore,) (7)[God cannot change. ] (G) is which statement? 7 (1)[All humans have equal positive value. ] (2)[There is no morally relevant difference between humans and some animals (such as mammals). Therefore,) (3)[some animals have equal positive worth with humans. ] (4)[Moral rights derive from the possession of value. ] (Since) (5)[humans have rights (to life, not to be harmed, and so forth),] (6)[animals have those same rights. ] (F) represents which numbered premise? 6 All Volkswagens are fuel efficient, and this Beetle is a Volkswagen. So this Beetle is fuel efficient. (1)Affirmative action in higher education is morally justifiable, (because) (2)it compensates for past discrimination, (3)provides valuable role models for women and minorities, and (4)promotes multicultural understanding. Independent Premises. The conclusion is #1. (1)[All Republicans are either moderates or conservatives,] and (2)[Senator Hornswaggle is not a moderate. ] (Since) (3)[Senator Hornswaggle is a Republican,] (it follows that) (4)[he is a conservative. ] (5)[All conservatives oppose socialized medicine. ] (Thus,) (6)[Senator Hornswaggle opposes socialized medicine. ] Missing Premise: (So) (7)[he must be either moderate or conservative. ] G REPRESENTS WHICH PREMISE? #6 (1)[All students should study a foreign language. ] (2)[It improves mastery of English. (3)[It helps to avoid cultural provincialism by expanding the cultural experience of students. ] (4)[It is useful for travel and commerce. ] (5)[It makes it possible to do advance work in a foreign language, including the study of the major literary works in that language. ] (Finally,) (6)[the ability to read, speak, and think in a second language is a source of pleasure and satisfaction even if this language is not used for travel and bus iness and even if it does not become a field of further study. ] Independent Premises. The conclusion is #1. 1)[Bertie probably isn’t home. ] (2)[His car isn’t in the driveway,] and (3)[there are no lights on in his house. ] Independent Premises. The conclusion is #1. (1)[Creation has no place in a science class] (because) (2)[it is not science. ] Why not? (Because) (3)[creationism cannot offer a scientific hypothesis that is capable of being shown wrong. ] (4)[Creationism cannot describe a single possible experiment that could elucidate the mechanics of creation. ] (5)[Creationism cannot point to a single prediction that has turned out to be right, and supports the creationist case. (6)[Creationism cannot offer a single instance of research that has followed the normal course of scientific inquiry, namely, independent testing and verification by skeptical researchers. ] Independent Premises. (1)[Education implies teaching. ] (2)[Teaching implies knowledge. ] (3)[Knowledge is truth. ] (4)[The truth is everywhere the same. ] (Hence) (5)[education should be everywhere the same. ] Linked Premises. The conclusion is #5. Either Blazers are made by Chevy, or Blazers are made by Ford. Therefore, Blazers are made by Chevy. Blazers are not made by Ford. Either this is a Contour or it’s a Mystique. If this is a Contour, it’s a Ford. If this is a Mystique, it’s a Mercury. Either this is a Ford or a Mercury. (1)[Either this is my car or it’s Sandy’s car. ] (2)[If it is my car, then the key should fit in the lock. ] (But) (3)[my key doesn’t fit in the lock. ] (So,) (4)[this is Sandy’s car. ] Linked Premises. The conclusion is #4. (3)[Either your sister is telling lies, or she is mad, or she is telling the truth. ] (4)[You know she doesn’t tell lies] and (5)[it’s obvious that she’s not mad. ] (For the moment then and unless future evidence turns up,) (6)[we must assume that she is telling the truth]. Linked Premises. The conclusion is #6. (1)[Everything eternal is necessary. ] (But) (2)[whatever God wills, he wills from eternity,] (for otherwise) (3)[His will would be mutable. ] (Therefore,) (4)[whatever He wills, He wills necessarily. ] â€Å"A–B† represents which premises? 3–gt;2 (1)[Everything eternal is necessary. ] (But) (2)[whatever God wills, he wills from eternity,] (for otherwise) (3)[His will would be mutable. ] (Therefore,) (4)[whatever He wills, He wills necessarily. ] â€Å"C† represents which premises? 4 Everything in this world will come to an end. So, my life will come to an end, and all the consequences of my life will come to an end. Thus, my life is meaningless, and so is everything else. The missing claim for this argument is which of the below? Because anything and everything that ends is meaningless. Ford Windstars are roomy; after all, Windstars are minivans. If it’s a minivan, then it is roomy. (1)[If I’m Bill Gates, I’m rich. ] (Hence,) (2)[I’m not Bill Gates. ] (Hence,) (3)[I’m not the Chairman of Microsoft. ] Missing premises: (4)[I’m not rich. ] (5)[If you’re Bill Gates, then you’re the Chairman of Microsoft. 4 (1)[If Amy isn’t dating Sturdley, then she’s dating Mel or Steve. ]   (2)[Amy isn’t dating Sturdley,] (since) (3)[she doesn’t date anyone who uses drugs,] and (4)[Sturdley sniffs glue practically every weekend. ] (Thus,) (5)[Amy is dating Mel or Steve. ] (However,) (6)[Amy won’t date anyone who isn’t a football player,] (nor) (7)[will she date anyone who isn’t good-looking. ]   (8)[Both Mel and Steve are good-looking,] (but) (9)[Steve isn’t a football player. ]   (Consequently,) (10)[Amy is not dating Steve. ] (We can logically deduce, therefore, that) (11)[Amy is dating Mel. â€Å"K† represents which premise? #11 (1) [If homosexuality is a product of nature and not chosen, then there should be fewer homosexuals born every year. ] (2) [As homosexuality becomes more acceptable, it seems logical that passing genetic material to offspring should be declining. ] (3) [But the number of homosexuals born every year is not declining. ] (Therefore,) (4)[homosexuality is not a product of nature and not chosen. ] which statements represents letter â€Å"A†? 2 If I’m Bill Gates, I’m rich. Hence, I’m not Bill Gates. Hence, I’m not t he Chairman of Microsoft. Bill Gates is the Chairman of Microsoft. I’m not rich. If it’s snowing, then it’s cold. My car won’t start if it’s cold. My car will start. If it’s not snowing, then Uncle Fred will be coming over for dinner. It’s not cold. It’s not snowing. Therefore, Uncle Fred will be coming over for dinner. (1)[If it’s snowing, then it’s cold. ] (2)[My car won’t start if it’s cold. ] (3)[My car will start. ] (4)[If it’s not snowing, then Uncle Fred will be coming over for dinner. ] Missing premises: (5)[It’s not cold. ] (6)[It’s not snowing. ] (7)[Uncle Fred will be coming over for dinner. ] Which missing premise is represented by â€Å"A† 5 How to cite Philosophy, Papers Philosophy Free Essays

Charlton Heston Essay Example For Students

Charlton Heston Essay addressing the Harvard Law School Forum I remember my son when he was five, explaining to his kindergarten class what his father did for a living. My Daddy, he said, pretends to be people. There have been quite a few of them. Prophets from the Old and New Testaments, a couple of Christian saints, generals of various nationalities and different centuries, several kings, three American presidents, a French cardinal and two geniuses, including Michelangelo. If you want the ceiling re-painted Ill do my best. There always seem to be a lot of different fellows up here. Im never sure which one of them gets to talk. Right now, I guess Im the guy. As I pondered our visit tonight it struck me: if my Creator gave me the gift to connect you with the hearts and minds of those great men, then I want to use that same gift now to re-connect you with your own sense of liberty your own freedom of thought your own compass for what is right. Dedicating the memorial at Gettysburg, Abraham Lincoln said o f America, We are now engaged in a great Civil War, testing whether this nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long endure. Those words are true again. I believe that we are again engaged in a great civil war, a cultural war thats about to hijack your birthright to think and say what resides in your heart. I fear you no longer trust the pulsing lifeblood of liberty inside you the stuff that made this country rise from wilderness into the miracle that it is. Let me back up. About a year ago I became president of the National Rifle Association, which protects the right to keep and bear arms. I ran for office, I was elected, and now I serve I serve as a moving target for the media whove called me everything from ridiculous and duped to a brain-injured, senile, crazy old man. I know Im pretty old but I sure thank the Lord aint senile. As I have stood in the crosshairs of those who target Second Amendment freedoms, Ive realized that firearms are not the only issue. N o, its much, much bigger than that. Ive come to understand that a cultural war is raging across our land, in which, with Orwellian fervor, certain acceptable thoughts and speech are mandated. For example, I marched for civil rights with Dr. King in 1963 long before Hollywood found it fashionable. But when I told an audience last year that white pride is just as valid as black pride or red pride or anyone elses pride, they called me a racist. Ive worked with brilliantly talented homosexuals all my life. But when I told an audience that gay rights should extend no further than your rights or my rights, I was called a homophobe. I served in World War II against the Axis powers. But during a speech, when I drew an analogy between singling out innocent Jews and singling out innocent gun owners, I was called an anti-Semite. Everyone I know knows I would never raise a closed fist against my country. But when I asked an audience to oppose this cultural persecution, I was compared to Timoth y McVeigh. From Time magazine to friends and colleagues, theyre essentially saying, Chuck, how dare you speak your mind. You are using language not authorized for public consumption! But I am not afraid. If Americans believed in political correctness, wed still be King Georges boys-subjects bound to the British crown. In his book, The End of Sanity, Martin Gross writes that blatantly irrational behavior is rapidly being established as the norm in almost every area of human endeavor. There seem to be new customs, new rules, new anti-intellectual theories regularly foisted on us from every direction. Underneath, the nation is roiling. Americans know something, without a name is undermining the nation, turning the mind mushy when it comes to separating truth from falsehood and right from wrong. And they dont like it. Let me read a few examples. At Antioch college in Ohio, young men seeking intimacy with a coed must get verbal permission at each step of the process from kissing to petti ng to final copulation all clearly spelled out in a printed college directive. In New Jersey, despite the death of several patients nationwide who had been infected by dentists who had concealed their AIDS the state commissioner announced that health providers who are HIV-positive need not need not tell their patients that they are infected. At William and Mary, students tried to change the name of the school team The Tribe because it was supposedly insulting to local Indians, only to learn that authentic Virginia chiefs truly like the name. In San Francisco, city fathers passed an ordinance protecting the rights of transvestites to cross-dress on the job, and for transsexuals to have separate toilet facilities while undergoing sex change surgery. In New York City, kids who dont speak a word of Spanish have been placed in bilingual classes to learn their three Rs in Spanish solely because their last names sound Hispanic. At the University of Pennsylvania, in a state where thousa nds died at Gettysburg opposing slavery, the president of that college officially set up segregated dormitory space for black students. Yeah, I know thats out of bounds now. Dr. King said Negroes. Jimmy Baldwin and most of us on the March said black. But its a no-no now. For me, hyphenated identities are awkward particularly Native-American. Im a Native American, for Gods sake. I also happen to be a blood-initiated brother of the Miniconjou Sioux. On my wifes side, my grandson is a thirteenth generation Native American with a capital letter on American. Finally, just last month David Howard, head of the Washington D.C. Office of Public Advocate, used the word niggardly while talking to colleagues about budgetary matters. Of course, niggardly means stingy or scanty. But within days Howard was forced to publicly apologize and resign. As columnist Tony Snow wrote: David Howard got fired because some people in public employ were morons who (a) didnt know the meaning of niggardly, (b ) didnt know how to use a dictionary to discover the meaning, and (c) actually demanded that he apologize for their ignorance. What does all of this mean? It means that telling us what to think has evolved into telling us what to say, so telling us what to do cant be far behind. Before you claim to be a champion of free thought, tell me: Why did political correctness originate on Americas campuses? And why do you continue to tolerate it? Why do you, whore supposed to debate ideas, surrender to their suppression? Lets be honest. Who here thinks your professors can say what they really believe? It scares me to death, and should scare you too, that the superstition of political correctness rules the halls of reason. You are the best and the brightest. You, here in the fertile cradle of American academia, here in the castle of learning on the Charles River, you are the cream. But I submit that you, and your counterparts across the land, are the most socially conformed and politically si lenced generation since Concord Bridge. And as long as you validate that and abide it you are-by your grandfathers standards cowards. Heres another example. Right now at more than one major university, Second Amendment scholars and researchers are being told to shut up about their findings or theyll lose their jobs. Why? Because their research findings would undermine big-city mayors pending lawsuits that seek to extort hundreds of millions of dollars from firearm manufacturers. I dont care what you think about guns. But if you are not shocked at that, I am shocked at you. Who will guard the raw material of unfettered ideas, if not you? Who will defend the core value of academia, if you supposed soldiers of free thought and expression lay down your arms and plead, Dont shoot me. If you talk about race, it does not make you a racist. If you see distinctions between the genders, it does not make you a sexist. If you think critically about a denomination, it does not make you anti-r eligion. If you accept but dont celebrate homosexuality, it does not make you a homophobe. Dont let Americas universities continue to serve as incubators for this rampant epidemic of new McCarthyism. But what can you do? How can anyone prevail against such pervasive social subjugation? The answers been here all along. I learned it 36 years ago, on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C., standing with Dr. Martin Luther King and two hundred thousand people. You simply disobey. Peaceably, yes. Respectfully, of course. Nonviolently, absolutely. But when told how to think or what to say or how to behave, we dont. We disobey social protocol that stifles and stigmatizes personal freedom. I learned the awesome power of disobedience from Dr. King who learned it from Gandhi, and Thoreau, and Jesus, and every other great man who led those in the right against those with the might. Disobedience is in our DNA. We feel innate kinship with that Disobedient spirit that tossed tea in to Boston Harbor, that sent Thoreau to jail, that refused to sit in the back of the bus, that protested a war in Viet Nam. In that same spirit, I am asking you to disavow cultural correctness with massive disobedience of rogue authority, social directives and onerous law that weaken personal freedom. But be careful it hurts. Disobedience demands that you put yourself at risk. Dr. King stood on lots of balconies. You must be willing to be humiliated to endure the modern-day equivalent of the police dogs at Montgomery and the water Cannons at Selma. You must be willing to experience discomfort. Im not Complaining, but my own decades of social activism have taken their toll on me. Let me tell you a story. A few years back I heard about a rapper named Ice-T who was selling a CD called Cop Killer celebrating ambushing and murdering police officers. It was being marketed by none other than Time/Warner, the biggest entertainment conglomerate in the world. Police across the country were o utraged. Rightfully so-at least one had been murdered. But Time/Warner was stonewalling because the CD was a cash cow for them, and the media were tiptoeing around it because the rapper was black. I heard Time/Warner had a stockholders meeting scheduled in Beverly Hills. I owned some shares at the time, so I decided to attend. What I did there was against the advice of my family and colleagues. I asked for the floor. To a hushed room of a thousand average American stockholders, I simply read the full lyrics of Cop Killer-every vicious, vulgar, instructional word. I GOT MY 12 GAUGE SAWED OFF I GOT MY HEADLIGHTS TURNED OFF IM ABOUT TO BUST SOME SHOTS OFF IM ABOUT TO DUST SOME COPS OFF It got worse, a lot worse. I wont read the rest of it to you. But trust me, the room was a sea of shocked, frozen, blanched faces. The Time/Warner executives squirmed in their chairs and stared at their shoes. They hated me for that. Then I delivered another volley of sick lyric brimming with racist filt h, where Ice-T fantasizes about sodomizing two 12-year old nieces Of Al and Tipper Gore. SHE PUSHED HER BUTT AGAINST MY . Well, I wont do to you here what I did to them. Lets just say I left the room in echoing silence. When I read the lyrics to the waiting press corps, one of them said We cant print that. I know, I replied, but Time/Warners selling it. Two months later, Time/Warner terminated Ice-Ts contract. Ill never be offered another film by Warners, or get a good review from Time magazine. But disobedience means you must be willing to act, not just talk. When a mugger sues his elderly victim for defending herself jam the switchboard of the district attorneys office. When your university is pressured to lower standards until 80% of the students graduate with honors choke the halls of the board of regents. When an 8-year-old boy pecks a girls cheek on the playground and gets hauled into court for sexual harassment march on that school and block its doorways. When someone you elected is seduced by political power and betrays you petition them, oust them, banish them. When Time magazines cover portrays millennium nuts as deranged, crazy Christians holding a cross as it did last month boycott their magazine and the products it advertises. So that this nation may long endure, I urge you to follow in the hallowed footsteps of the great disobediences of history that freed exiles, founded religions, defeated tyrants, and yes, in the hands of an aroused rabble in arms and a few great men, by Gods grace, built this country. If Dr. King were here, I think he would agree. Bibliography:charlton Heston speech to the NRA Martin Luther King - I Have A Dream Essay

Mahendra Singh Dhoni free essay sample

As a CEO on whom ride the hopes of a demanding billion people, the captain of Team India is like a batsman facing a flurry of nasty Yorkers. Its a leadership test that can make the most acclaimed CEO cringe. But not MSD. The captain of the Indian cricket team delivered a dream result to his shareholders, the joys of which surpassed the benefits of any dividend or bonus. In the tough final against a strong Sri Lankan team, the grit and guts displayed by Mahendra Singh Dhoni at Mumbais Wankhede stadium has corporate captains of India singing glories of his leadership qualities For juniors, Dhoni followed the principle of support with stick. Ram Kumar calls it positive manipulation. When Dhoni comes out and tells the media that Zaheer Khan is a great bowler and he will deliver, he is being positively demanding. The confidence expressed in public puts positive pressure. We will write a custom essay sample on Mahendra Singh Dhoni or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some leaders do this by invoking fear, he says. Team building is just a part of the job. How about dealing with the competitors and handling volatile situations? Santrupt Misra, Group Director, HR, at Aditya Birla Group, gives Dhoni top marks in innovating and experimenting in real time. Dhoni continuously tries to innovate and experiment (e. . when everybody said he should go with Ashwin, he played Nehra). This means he knows both the game as well as the people very well, which, of course, is another great leadership trait. He is not overly ecstatic when he succeeds nor is he utterly down and out when he loses. In a volatile environment, this is a great trait to have. Getting the best out of your team doesnt mean you dont face tough situations yourself. Says Suvojoy Sengupta, MD India, Booz amp; Co: Dhoni isnt afraid to put himself in the firing line, even at the risk of personal failure—as he proved in the final. Besides he can keep the competitors guessing on a few things. Inspirational leaders keep some tricks up their sleeve and use them to turn around seemingly hopeless situations. MSD is a master at this. Given the abject failure in 2007 World Cup and then, under MSD, the subsequent trail of victories, Dhoni is the turnaround man Indian companies would love to have as CEO. We should be a performer and we should demonstrate the same to our team. Performance is itself the most effective communication down the line. 2. Leader has to be humble in way to consider part and parcel of the team and not above the team. 3. Give genuine respect and trust to the team members. 4. Allow them to experiment and take risk. 5. In case of failure, encourage him / her to introspect and do it next time with more vigour and better planning. 6. Make every one in the team feel that , even though we are leaders, we are just one among them. 7. We should also believe in the ones who failed in the Team. At crucial times a team member who was not able to deliver might do miracles. 8. As a leader, be calm in extreme situations and lead the team from front. 9. Share the credit of success with your team members and praise them in public. 10. Above all believe in every member in the team. Managing under change is a vital attribute to be learned from the leadership under Dhoni. A good leader doesn’t mind going out and exploring. Dhoni’s risk taking ability, inclusiveness and time-pressure qualities are good examples of leaders on the business side. If you notice, instead of pressing teammates to win, Dhoni told them to just enjoy the game. Also, he has mentioned at several forums that he believes to live in the present and not worry about future or past.. Dhoni’s leadership style represents teamwork, empowerment and confidence. Dhoni utilizes every team member at his disposal and brings out the best performance whether he is a senior or junior player. He provides opportunity for every team member to prove themselves and contribute to the best of their abilities. Remember, he gave the last over to Joginder Sharma who doesn’t have much a track record. , By putting such a person in front of a challenging task, it tells the person that the leader has confidence in his abilities and will be fired up to put in 120 per cent. This happened with Joginder Sharma in two critical matches, where he was hit all around the ground and still given the last over. He delivered on both instances! Leaders need to be assertive yet humble and must rarely allow their personal egos to be an obstacle for the success of their organization and that’s what M.S. Dhoni showing us through his current leadership style. Another learning from Dhoni is about, Optimal utilization of resources, which is vital for any business. Instead of giving excuses for lack of best resources, especially with the current scenario economic crisis, it is better to perform in whatever resources a leader has to his disposal His ‘people management’ skills tell us, he is truly a great leader. When team members see their leader calm in extreme situations, they will not be rattled. It will enable them to focus on their work and do what is expected of them. Dhoni was always calm – whether the bowler started off the last over in the finals with a wide ball or the batsman played a series of dot balls in a slog over. Mahendra Singh Dhoni is a forthright, straightforward cricketer unburdened by the baggage that generally accompanies a man onto the field, thereby restricting his outlook. At once he is intelligent and simple, aggressive and canny, tough and respectful. Let us have a look at the journey of â€Å"Maahi† since from 2004 when he entered the Indian Cricket team from a state which hasn’t got a bigger name in cricket – Ranchi. His first Inning of 183 Runs against Sri-Lanka made us remember his long hair look which made him hit the mind of all cricket fans. The opportunist MS Dhoni proved himself in the first match itself and kept the same trend in the next three years to appeal BCCI to make him skipper of India cricket team in 2007. Then the rest is History. He managed pretty well in the journey from a pinch heater who was known for his â€Å"helicopter shot† to throw the ball out of the ground to a successful Indian Captain. MS Dhoni has been in controversy some time for his statement but he always managed to keep a team spirit together. A support to in-form batsman and also to a out of form batsman from him made him a great leader. In few events he admitted that he normally takes decision on the field according to the situation, when he was asked about his strategy. He repeated it in other events when he was asked the same question and also added that Cricket is a simple game and people make it complicated with words like â€Å"strategy†. During a match once, I heard a commentator stating about him that he has seen Dhoni playing cricket with single expression. The same thing has also been observed by many people that Dhoni has never been panic in hard situation or never been over confident in about to win situation. The other great quality in him – â€Å"self-belief† can be observed while his captaincy but the final match of World Cup 2011 can not be forgotten by anyone. After losing 3 early wickets, Dhoni decided to enter the ground to hit the Sri-Lankan bowler where other experts were advising him to put Yuvaraj Singh who was inform during the World Cup. At the end of the match, he did not disappoint any of us and hit a six to win the world Cup. Many of us often says that the luck of Dhoni always works but do not forget that A good leader are always bold enough to take decisions which also can be seen in the journey of his captaincy. An incident is when Misbah-ul-haq was batting in the last over of the match and the ball has been given to Jogindhar Sharma. Fortunately we won at the end but such experiment always works for Dhoni where he put casual bowler like Sehwag, Sachin, and Suresh Raina to shock a batsman with unusual delivery. In few matches, such decisions from Dhoni lead the team to lose the match but he admitted instantly his mistake hich is again a great quality of a leader and try to learn out of it. Quick mind of Dhoni often reads the game situation and the weaknesses of opposite team help Dhoni to form a strategy instantly. What MS Dhoni has inbuilt is a skill to manage his mind on the spot. Mind management is a huge subject and lot of stuff has been written on it but if you really want to see them live or not interested in reading books and still want to learn, simply watch Dhoni playing on the field and observe him attending press conference after every match.

Free Essays on The Dislikable Dewhurst

Dewhurst’s inexperience in politics and his lack of political savvy, if elected, may very well end up costing Texas in the long run. So far, his Democratic opponent, John Sharp, has been getting more support from the Republicans of the state. Dewhurst has also missed his opportunity to gain support from the majority of the members in the Texas Senate. During last year’s sessions, Dewhurst met with several Republicans who believed that he would agree with and vote on their recommendations to redraw the districts. Dewhurst turned on the senators by voting differently than he had promised; therefore, gaining a detrimental lack of trust between himself and the members of the Senate. The most important job that the lieutenant governor possesses is Chair of the Senate. The lieutenant governor must have good working relationships as well as the trust of a universe of local and statewide officials in order to clarify and set the Senate’s agenda. When David Dewhurst failed to follow through with a simple promise with the senators last year, he lost his opportunity to be an effective lieutenant governor, if elected. Republicans simply don’t like him and don’t trust his abilities as lieutenant governor. David Dewhurst has two things going for him, good looks and an estimated personal fortune of $200 million dollars. This may buy his campaign, but it certainly doesn’t mean that he qualifies for the job of lieutenant governor. In Texas, the office of lieutenant governor is the most powerful. If we want things to get done, and done right, we need to consider the fact that Dewhurst is an amateur in this race. His experience dates back four years and involves a self-financed campaign. In addition, he has not particularly distinguished himself making him still an outsider in Austin. John Sharp, on the other hand, has had experience in several areas of government including serving in both the House and Senate, the Railroad C... Free Essays on The Dislikable Dewhurst Free Essays on The Dislikable Dewhurst Dewhurst’s inexperience in politics and his lack of political savvy, if elected, may very well end up costing Texas in the long run. So far, his Democratic opponent, John Sharp, has been getting more support from the Republicans of the state. Dewhurst has also missed his opportunity to gain support from the majority of the members in the Texas Senate. During last year’s sessions, Dewhurst met with several Republicans who believed that he would agree with and vote on their recommendations to redraw the districts. Dewhurst turned on the senators by voting differently than he had promised; therefore, gaining a detrimental lack of trust between himself and the members of the Senate. The most important job that the lieutenant governor possesses is Chair of the Senate. The lieutenant governor must have good working relationships as well as the trust of a universe of local and statewide officials in order to clarify and set the Senate’s agenda. When David Dewhurst failed to follow through with a simple promise with the senators last year, he lost his opportunity to be an effective lieutenant governor, if elected. Republicans simply don’t like him and don’t trust his abilities as lieutenant governor. David Dewhurst has two things going for him, good looks and an estimated personal fortune of $200 million dollars. This may buy his campaign, but it certainly doesn’t mean that he qualifies for the job of lieutenant governor. In Texas, the office of lieutenant governor is the most powerful. If we want things to get done, and done right, we need to consider the fact that Dewhurst is an amateur in this race. His experience dates back four years and involves a self-financed campaign. In addition, he has not particularly distinguished himself making him still an outsider in Austin. John Sharp, on the other hand, has had experience in several areas of government including serving in both the House and Senate, the Railroad C...

Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Plan Thesis

Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Plan - Thesis Example Background Presently, in a world where globalization is of utmost importance, businesses are dependent on the domestic and international markets for their product line support. Business dependency on their supply chain is very critical and any disruptions could make a big impact. With the ever-changing weather, calamities, the global warming, terrorist attacks, human errors, utility failure, etc., the occurrence of business disruptions can happen with or without warning. Business disruption could also be the result of natural catastrophes like flooding, hurricanes, earthquakes, tornados etc. Moreover, the need for effective business continuity plan and disaster recovery plan is driven by regulatory requirements, customer demands, new business practices and changes in technology. It is very important to maintain customer confidence as well as a competitive edge in these days of uncertainty. It is also necessary for companies to guarantee customers that their business is up to the task and running and it will not cause them to fail to produce and deliver products to their end customers in the event of a crisis. In this global world, vendor continuity management has become a vital part of business continuity. II. Introduction – ABC Company ABC has achieved worldwide status as a major supplier to electronics companies throughout the world. As a consequence, many companies depend upon ABC for their supplies. It is ABC’ responsibility to take this dependency very seriously and plan for situations which could impair ABC’ ability under adverse conditions to respond to our customers. As part of ABC’ responsibility to avoid an adverse condition, pro-active steps are taken, such as maintaining good housekeeping, non-overloading and periodic measuring of electric power circuits and periodic maintenance of sprinkler systems, etc. Preventive steps are a cornerstone to prevent self-induced hazardous conditions that can result in a disaster. However , there may be situations that are beyond the control of ABC, such as flooding due to hurricanes or other events of nature. Regardless of the cause, it is imperative that lost production be recovered as quickly as possible to minimize customer difficulties. Therefore, our actions for recovery should also include timely communication to our customers to apprise them the expected delivery situation and what is to be expected in the future. III. Methodology Overview Any business continuity and disaster recovery plan is made using a certain framework or methodology that makes that whole process systematic and easy to create and then implement. Depending on the type of company, as well as the field of business, each BC & DR plan relies on a good methodology to ensure success. In the case of ABC Company, a methodology is adopted to ensure the management of crisis when it happens. It enables those involved in the plan to follow a smooth flow of action in case of an event that can hinder th e usual flow of business. It also provides the actions that need to be taken when such an event occurs.

This research can focus on any historical topic related to the Paper

This can focus on any historical topic related to the course.that is, on any topic covered in class or in your dossie - Research Paper Example The third section will examine the role of women in 1930s film and theorise that some women, notably Norma Shearer, transcended stereotypes. It will explore how women’s roles in the cinema evolved from the beginning to the end of the Great Depression (1929–1939). The fourth section will examine criticisms of women in 1930s film while the fifth section will present a conclusion. Annotated Bibliography Berry, S. (2000). Screen style: Consumer fashion and femininity in 1930s Hollywood, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. This book will be useful in assessing the influence of 1930s films because it details how Greta Garbo, Joan Crawford and Marlene Dietrich influenced women filmgoers as role models of self-determination, and shows why the public is fascinated with these strong-willed women. Davies, C. (1988). New women, new culture: The Women’s Weekly and Hollywood in Australia in the early 1930s. Brisbane: Griffith University. This study is very important to this research because it explores how the new woman (from the period after the censorship policy was implemented) came to exist, and how she affected culture, including how women were portrayed in films and it examines how the Hollywood portrayal of women in the 1930s affected women in Australia. Dawson, J.E. (1995). Hollywood’s image of the workingwoman, Las Vegas: University of Nevada. This dissertation enables exploration of the roles that women have taken in films, how women are portrayed in films, and the psychological aspects and influence of films on women. Feuer, J. (1993). The Hollywood musical, Bloomington: Indiana University Press. This book will assist in understanding the origins and evolution of the Hollywood musical, as well as how it has affected society over the years, particularly in the chapter ‘Dream worlds and dream stages’, which details how Hollywood musicals provided audiences with escapist entertainment during the difficulties of the war and Great Depression in the 1930s. Kolbjornsen, T.K. (1998). ‘Dansingi Hollywood: punktnedslagi film-musikalenshistorie’, dissertation, Philadelphia: Villanova University. This dissertation explores musical film aesthetically, examines how spectators are transformed by the experience of watching Hollywood musicals (such as the Busby Berkeley shows in the 1930s), explores dance as an aesthetic sign, and discusses how musicals transform women into kinetic ornaments. Lovasz, K. (2007). ‘Technologies of self-presentation: Women’s engagement with mediated representation from the era of silent film to the Internet age’, dissertation, Princeton: Princeton University. In this dissertation, Lovasz explores identity theory, which explains how women relate to patriarchal culture, by exploring a woman’s imagined and virtual cultural experiences, including those of film. Mulvey, L. (1999). ‘Visual pleasure and narrative cinema’, in Leo Braudy and Marshall Cohen (eds), Film Theory and Criticism:Introductory Readings, New York: Oxford University Press. This text analyses the Madonna–whore complex and the role of women pleasing men in Hollywood productions,

Annotated Bibliography of The Company Vision and Superordinate Goals Essay

Annotated Bibliography of The Company Vision and Superordinate Goals - Essay Example Some organizations combine both perspectives, yet others focus on congruence between various aspects of an organization (Mindtools.com, 2011). According to mindtools.com, nevertheless, the factor comes down to which issues to focus on that work best for an organization. Whereas a number of models of organizational success go in and out of fashion, one model that has persisted is the renowned McKinsey 7-S framework (Mindtools.com, 2011). The framework was developed in the 80’s by Robert Waterman and Tom Peters. The basic principle of the model, by these two consultants, is that there are seven internal aspects of a company that should be aligned for the organization to be successful. The 7-S framework can be utilized in a wide variety of organizations and, in this case, the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command, where an alignment perspective is useful to an organization’s success. The 7-S framework will help an organization to improve on its performance. It will exami ne the effects of future modifications within a company. The 7-S framework will help companies align departments and processes during an acquisition or merger. Finally, the 7-S framework will help organizations determine how best to impose a proposed strategy (Mindtools.com, 2011). According to mindtools.com, the McKinsey 7-S framework can be applied to elements of a project or team, as well. The alignment issues apply in a project or team, in spite of how an organization decides to define the scope of the area it studies. Some of the key elements of the McKinsey 7-S framework that could help organizations to be successful in their visions and superordinate goals include shared values, structure, skills, strategy, staff, style and systems. Shared values, according to mindtools.com should be the priority of any organization since the other six factors mainly are why the organization was created. Finally, the process of analyzing where a company is in terms of these elements is pricel ess (Mindtools.com, 2011). Hence, by determining the ultimate state for each factor will easily help move a team or organization forward. Lacpa.org (2011). Analyzing and improving organizational effectiveness-the 7-S model framework of McKinsey. Retrieved 28th August, 2012, from, http://www.lacpa.org.lb/Includes/Images/Docs/TC/newsletters28/18%20Iluminations.pdf According to lacpa.org, most individuals grew up only knowing the 4Ps framework of marketing which included elements such as place, price, product and promotion. Even though, the 4Ps model still works today, most developed economies have moved on to the improved 7-S framework (Lacpa.org, 2011). Lapca.org praises the 7-S framework since it focuses more on service businesses when compared to the 4Ps model. Therefore, the 7-S framework is more of service marketing when compared to 4Ps model. Lapca.org also discusses the seven elements of the 7-S framework, but it separates them into two sections, soft elements and hard elements . The hard elements incorporate structure, strategy and systems, but the soft include skills, staff, style and shared values. Nevertheless, in combination, both hard and soft elements offer a successful framework for analyzing the team or organizat

Managing Hospitality Enterprises Human Resource Management Recruitment Selection Business Essay

Managing Hospitality Enterprises Human Resource Management Recruitment Selection Business Essay Introduction The main purpose of recruitment and selection process is to select the right candidate for the job (Dale 2001). In a hospitality industry, it is often said that our people are the greatest asset (Hayes and Ninemeier 2009). People are a critical component in this industry as they are the ones that have the most interaction with the guests. Many successful hospitality leaders has this perception that by giving outstanding guest services it will lead to the company excelling and making profits. There is also a point in mind to take note as there is a need to identify the talented people in the organization and coming out with methods to train and retain them. These people must be kept satisfied and committed to the organization goals. At any one time people will be trying to either change their job or acquire a job and employers at the same time will be looking for employers (Nickson 2007). This indicates that all the workers in the external market are competing for jobs all the time. Due to the impact of the recent economic recession, employers would find it difficult to retain their top-performing employees as during this period the employees do not enjoy much benefit. Employers fear that employees would leave their current job and getting a better job. In a Hospitality Industry, it is often seen that attracting the locals to work are often more difficult to work. Among the many areas of the Human Resource Management, I feel that the most basic step in the Hospitality Industry is to recruit the right people for the Industry. Definition of Recruitment and Selection Recruitment is the process of attracting a pool of candidates for a vacant position, and selection is the technique of choosing a new member of the organization from the available candidates (McKenna and Beech 2008). Recruitment is the process of finding and engaging the people the organization needs and selection is that part of the recruitment process concerned with deciding applicants or candidates should be appointed to jobs (Armstrong 2009). According to this author there are four stages of recruitment and selection are as follows: Recruitment and selection stages Defining requirements preparing role profiles and person specifications; deciding terms and conditions of employment. Planning recruitment campaigns. Attracting candidates- reviewing and evaluating alternative sources of applicants, inside and outside the company: advertising, e-recruiting, agencies and consultants. Selecting candidates- sifting applications, interviewing, testing, assessing candidates, assessment centres, offering employment, obtaining references; preparing contracts of employment. The overall aim of the recruitment and selection process should be to obtain at minimum cost the number and quality of employees required to satisfy the needs of the company (Armstrong 1998). According to the same author there are only three stages of recruitment and selection which are: Defining requirements preparing job descriptions and specifications; deciding terms and conditions of employment. Attracting candidates reviewing and evaluating, alternative sources of applicants, inside and outside the company, advertising, using agencies and consultants. Selecting candidates sifting applicants, interviewing, testing, assessing candidates, assessment centers, offering employment, obtaining references; preparing contracts of employment. Among these three authors above, each of them gives different definition to what recruitment and selection is. The first author talks about just filling up the vacancy of any particular position in the company and choosing a new member without any consideration of whether that person is capable of doing the job. However the second author does resolve the issue of this by basically trying to see whether the persons goals is on the same track with what the organization is trying to achieve at the same time and after that selecting whether the person goals can fit into that particular position. The last author is basically trying to use the minimum resources available to achieve the maximum productivity of the company to gain profits. Out of all these three authors, the second author definition should be considered by Human Resource Managers as having the person with the same goals as the organization would help the company yield better results and as well as retention of the employees without worrying about them changing or quitting their jobs. Process of Recruitment and Selection The recruitment and selection process typically comprises of 4 stages. The first stage is to plan, the second is to recruit, the third is to select and the last stage is to induct (Peragamon Flexible Learning 2005). The first three stages of this process are very important. Being a HR manager, he/she needs to determine whether recruitment is necessary, the job specifications and writing a job description. After this, the most appropriate application methods are determined, deciding how to attract applicants and marketing the job. The next is to sift and shortlist applications, holding selection interviews, making a decision to offer and taking up references. The recruitment and selection process has 3 steps. The first step is to plan, the second is to recruit and the last is to select (Ingram et al. 2009). The recruitment and selection process is a complex process. There are four important identifiable phases in this process which are pre-recruitment, recruitment, select and induct (Lock 1998). The three authors point of view for the recruitment and selection process are basically the same except for the second author who only has 3 stages instead of 4 comparing with the other two authors. From this, the second author stopped at the point of selection of the applicants but do not do anything to further to evaluate the employee being selected. This should not be the case for any organization. After the employee is selected, all aspects of an organizations recruitment and policy should be known and clearly conveyed to the employee (James 2005). In a hospitality industry, the HR manager has to know the countrys HR policy before implementing the recruitment and selection process, this is so as not to make any unnecessary mistakes. For example, employing more foreigners than locals would mostly likely cause an outrage. Orientation is given to the new employees that are being selected by the HR. On the first day of employment, the employee is being shown the different parts of the Hotel to meet the different managers and the employees to get familiarize with the various departments. The employees are also shown the different facilities of the hotels as well in the process. Contact should always be maintained with the new employees until it becomes apparent that they have settled down and become part of the team. Every aspect of the recruitment and selection process should be implemented and executed perfectly so that the employee can perform better. Implementation of Effective Recruitment and Selection The recruitment and selection process serves only as a model of how an employee should be recruited and selected. Greater efforts are made to improve by having a sharper competitive edge so that good candidates are not lost to the competitors. This can be done in several ways which are E-recruitment, Technology; Streamlining, Screening and Keeping in closer touch (Rankin 2003). By the beginning of the twenty-first century, an increasing number of managers had become aware that attracting and selecting the best candidates is not an easy task, nor is it risk fee. The organization when I doubt, should not hire and keep looking so that resources are not wasted (Banfield and Kay 2008). Effective recruitment and selection of personnel should attempt to ensure that an individuals aspirations and capabilities are not too divergent (Sharma 2003). The three authors have different views about what is effective recruitment and selection, the first author view is basically to use the minimum costs possible to get the right employee for the job, the second author basically means to wait for the right candidate to appear for the job. The last author basically means that the employees goals and objectives are somewhat similar to what the organizations have. The best option would be the combination of the first and last author by using the minimum number of resources to get the employee which has the same goals and objectives as the organization. This would enable the company to save costs as well as getting the suitable employee for the job. In the hospitality industry, the image of it has been skeptical towards many people due to the fact that people has the misperception of this industry. The misperception includes factors such as the low salary, long working hours, long standing hours and giving service to customers. Basically anybody with a diploma or less can work in the hospitality industry such as being a waiter, a front office staff, a housekeeper, etc. With a bit of training, anyone is capable of the doing the job. Many people do not wish to serve people as most of them enjoyed being served. The best effective way now normally is through word of mouth by referrals or contacting hospitality schools to get students for internship and if possible get the graduates to go back to the hotel to work. This saves the hotel of wasting resources and effectively recruiting the graduates as they have already work in the hotel and no basic training is required for him/her. For any organizations, normally those well-known of that particular industry would receive more job applicants than others. For example, Hyatt Hotel would receive more applicants than other hotels. Therefore, what it can do is to have a group of people on the spot for selective recruitment and selection, out of 5 people, the best candidate would be selected by the manager. Lastly, the recruiter plays a very important role to ensure that the recruitment and selection is being implemented effectively. Outcomes of Recruitment and Selection The final outcome of the recruitment and selection stage is to consider and implement a carefully organized, systematic recruitment and selection process that qualifies candidates in ways that reduces the cost outlay overall (Thompsen 2010). Keeping costs low is paramount, but the senior management team should avoid going overboard with its cost-cutting efforts. For some highly qualified individuals, the experience of a low-budget recruiting process might be a deal-breaker. So the most successful companies seek a balance. For the median prospects, the cost outlay must remain low. The company should then reserve the most expensive recruiting techniques for the most highly qualified prospects. The above might seem an overly simplified list of desired outcomes, but it all points to one overarching outcome: Develop a fair, efficient, and effective recruitment and selection process. The outcomes list sets up the essential target of having a legally sound recruitment and selection process that also produces the perception of fairness. And in the end, the company that reaches all of these desired outcomes will be left with a high-powered, highly effective and low-cost recruiting strategy. Recruitment and selection can be an expensive activity and it is important that some attempt is made to evaluate the effectiveness of the methods used and to justify expenditure (Simms 2005). One of the difficulties is that is difficult to quantify the contribution that the newly recruited individual is making to the organization and the benefits. Even if this is possible, it is difficult to identify how different aspects of the procedure contribute to the recruitment and selection of a particular individual. For example, if a different, less expensive method had been used, the same individual might still have been appointed because they happened to be looking for a change of job at that particular point in time in that particular area of work or location. Although there may be too many contingencies and variables to evaluate in a meaningful and tangible way, recruitment and selection should nevertheless be evaluated and the outcome of the evaluation used to inform and revise future activities. Measures of the number and suitability of applications received through a particular recruitment method can provide information about the continuous appropriateness of a particular method. This sort of information can also be useful in evaluating other aspects of the process, for example, a usually large number of unsuitable applicants may indicate a poorly written advertisement or a very general person specification which needs to be revised for the future. It can be also useful to seek and evaluate feedback about the process from applicants, new recruits, managers and other staff involved in the process, and during exit interviews. Conclusion Recruitment and selection is a vital function of HR in the organization (Pattanayak 2005). The slightest mistake will lead to a square peg in round hole. In the long run, this would prove to be problematic as these people would pull the organization down. An organization periodically needs to attract applicants for their existing or future staffing needs (Pynes 2009). There are many methods of recruitments available. Recruitment Strategies should be planned in advance of the organizations needs. Strategic job analysis and audits of positions and employee skills should be updated on a regular basis to determine which incumbent employees are qualified for promotions or newly created positions. For some positions, depending on the qualifications and experience needed, HR may need to find applicants from the external labour market. In any organization, efforts should be made to recruit and select a diverse workforce by including individuals with disabilities, older employees and different types of races. Lastly, after recruitment and selection, the best recruitment and selection method should be pointed out and used for subsequent use. Evaluation of the employee is very important after that so that the organization knows how well the employee is doing or coping with the job. This will determine whether the choice of selecting this employee has been a correct decision. Retention of employees in the hospitality industry is very important even after recruitment and selection so that the employer do not repeat this process of recruiting and selecting a new employee and training the employee from scratch.

Osteoporosis :: essays research papers

Bone Case Study 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A bone mineral density (BMD) test measures the amount of mineral concentration in a specific region of the bones in order to determine a persons bone strength or density and their risk for fractures. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The physician uses the BMD test in conjunction with a patient’s history to determine the patient’s risk of Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease that is characterized by thinning, weak bones. Bone loss is actually a normal event in the human body. We loose bone when cells (osteoclasts) release stored salts (calcium, phosphorous, magnesium) from the bone into the blood stream when dietary intake is not providing adequate amounts. Typically (at least until age 30) we have other cells (osteoblasts) that come in and repair, repair and build lost bone. Osteoporosis occurs when the osteoclasts are working faster than the osteoblasts. Eventually the osteoblasts fall further and further behind leaving thin and brittle bones. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Results for the BMD test are given as T-scores and Z-scores. The T-score compares the results with a healthy young adult of the same gender and the Z- score compares it with an individual of the same age and gender. A positive or normal result of the BMD would be 1 standard deviation (+1/-1) of the T-score mean. A result of 2.5 or greater below the mean is considered to be osteoporosis. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Osteoporosis is the diagnosis for a person whose score falls 2.5 standard deviations below the mean. If her history reports findings of bone fractures that are osteoporosis related, her diagnosis may be that of severe osteoporosis. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When diagnosing a patient the most critical information will come from the patient’s history (familial and personal). This information allows a caregiver to assign specific risk factors associated with certain diseases which help determine a person’s chance of developing a disease as well as measures that can help prevent further progression. It was important for the doctor to know if Janice ‘s diet included adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D. Both play key roles in bone density, calcium is needed to maintain bone strength and vitamin D is needed for calcium absorption into the blood stream and reabsorbing in the kidneys. Hormone replacement therapy plays a role in the prevention of osteoporosis because it restores estrogen levels and helps to slow the bone thinning process (HRT and its osteoporotic benefits can be offset by possibly increasing risk for other serious diseases).

The Prohibition of Cigarettes

Writing 101 17February2011 The Prohibition of Cigarettes I thought about the question, â€Å"Should the manufacture of cigarettes be prohibited† and I don’t really believe that saying â€Å"yes† to this question would be of benefit to those who are pro cigarettes or against cigarettes. The question basically appears to make out that the manufacture of cigarettes, and only cigarettes, should be prohibited. There are many campaigns against the usage of cigarettes as we can see television commercials clearly stating that smoking causes cancer or attempting to deglamorize cigarettes.Many people have seen the surgeon general warning on a pack of cigarettes claiming that cigarettes can cause â€Å"lung cancer† or â€Å"emphysema. † In a study performed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the study shows that between the year 2000 and 2004 that about 443,000 people in the USA died from a variety of illnesses due to cigarette smoking (citatio n 1). This would certainly be a motivation and a convincing reason to halt the production of cigarettes but we should analyze this proposition more in depth.I believe that the term â€Å"cigarettes† is too narrow to solve any problems, as not everybody smokes cigarettes nor would the halted production of cigarettes solve any public health problems. Tobacco is a better term as it is much more broad and would include cigars, snuff, dip, and other forms of tobacco that contain nicotine. Nicotine is the suspect found in cigarettes that causes an addiction but nicotine can be found in the other forms of tobacco.Stopping production of â€Å"only cigarettes† simply means that current cigarette users may, switch to another nicotine source, quit smoking, or choosing an alternative nicotine source such as nicotine gum or the patch. Having been a tobacco user in the past, I know most certainly that many people will not just outright and quit. Prohibiting the manufacture of cigare ttes means that it will be illegal to produce cigarettes but how about the selling or the possession of these products?It will be necessary to outlaw these points of trade if the intended action is to meet with success because if selling and possession are legal then it will be difficult to regulate the circulation of cigarettes within the nation. Though the making of cigarettes are deemed illegal by the government, the creation of cigarettes will certainly not halt as now cigarettes are almost equivalent to that of the marijuana drug trade as there will probably be many people growing and producing cigarettes.The police cannot arrest these people for possession or selling of cigarettes and cannot obtain a justifiable clause to obtain a search warrant to prove that the person may be manufacturing cigarettes which is deemed illegal. One last point would be the idea that cigarettes can be grown in another country such as Canada or Mexico and brought through the border with no problems as possession is not illegal. There are actually quite a few positive reasons to keep the cigarette trade going rather than shutting production down.I have been around the world through my time in the navy and I have seen one of the most popular brands of cigarettes â€Å"Marlboro† just about everywhere that imports tobacco. Take note that I mentioned the term â€Å"import† as in those countries do not make â€Å"Marlboro† cigarettes in their own country. Marlboro is a popular brand of cigarettes made under Phillip Morris which is a subsidiary company to Altria incorporated. Marlboro, in itself, holds about 42% of retail shares of cigarettes in the USA (Citation 2).This is certainly an income to our nation and though I’m uncertain of how much is made through the exportation of cigarettes; it certainly has an effect on the economy which is currently in a depression. Have you ever looked around base and noticed those supposed â€Å"smoke pits† or a designated smoking area? Those â€Å"smoke pits† seem to be next to just about every building on base. Did you notice how many stores sell cigarettes or even the cigarette vending machines here in Japan? How about in movies? Doesn’t the popular stereotypical â€Å"Bad Ass† person in the movies usually smoke a cigarette?Even though direct advertisement through television or magazines is prohibited, cigarettes are still very popular and many people do smoke them and not just in America. The cigarette trade is most likely a very profitable trade based on it’s popularity and demand which would probably put it as a very valuable source of income for the United States. Based on the many cigarette brands I’ve seen from traveling the world, I’ve seen that cigarettes are quite likely a major export for the states as many f these brands are originate from the States. I personally do not deny of the risks caused by cigarette smoking and myself being an ex-smoker, I certainly do not encourage smoking but the plan of prohibiting â€Å"just† the manufacture of â€Å"only† cigarettes does not reflect the best interests of those that are for cigarettes or against cigarettes. Cigarettes are a form of tobacco and the halted production of only cigarettes means that a regular cigarette user will move to another source of nicotine rather than quit.I know personally that quitting is a long process (I still chew nicotine gum four months after quitting). Prohibiting the manufacture of cigarettes in the United States but allowing the sell or possession simply means it will be produced where it’s legal and the carried over through the US’s borders with no issues. We can’t deny that cigarettes are very popular worldwide and thus contribute to the United States economy as a popular export since many popular brands such as â€Å"Marlboro† are made in the United States.